Sustainable Aquafarming: An Affordable Venture for Small-Scale and Underdeveloped Farmers
In the bustling landscapes of rural and peri-urban India, a new wave of entrepreneurs is emerging, transforming their backyards and shaded areas into thriving ornamental fish farms. Ornamental fish keeping, once a popular hobby, has grown into a profitable business, offering a low-cost yet high-reward livelihood opportunity for many.
Ornamental fishes, often called "living jewels," are small, colorful, and graceful creatures kept in aquariums for beauty and relaxation. They can be sold locally, to aquarium shops, online sellers, and exporters, with prices varying depending on the species, color, and size. A well-maintained unit with a mix of 2-3 popular species can generate a monthly income of Rs. 10,000-Rs. 25,000.
For beginners, popular species like guppies, zebra danios, pencilfish, and bettas are ideal for breeding. Each species has specific needs for successful breeding. Guppies, for instance, are easy to breed and can reproduce naturally when kept together. Zebra danios are prolific breeders, spawning every two to three days after reaching maturity. Pencilfish, while challenging, are rewarding, requiring specific conditions for successful breeding.
The process of breeding ornamental fish requires careful attention to water temperature, oxygen level, and feeding frequency to ensure breeding success. For egg-layer species like goldfish, koi carp, zebra danios, and different types of tetras, eggs hatch in 24-48 hours. Livebearers, such as guppies, mollies, swordtails, and platies, give birth to fully formed young ones and are ideal for beginners as they breed easily.
A constant supply of clean water and uninterrupted electricity is necessary for the unit. Biofilters help maintain good water quality, and a simple filtration system and regular cleaning are essential for the health of the fish. Having a small live food unit is equally important, as fish larvae need live food like infusoria, artemia nauplii, rotifers, and daphnia during the first few weeks.
Choosing healthy, active, and disease-free fish for breeding results in better offspring. A beginner can become a successful fish breeder with proper training, a small setup, and some patience. The Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (CIFA), Bhubaneshwar, has played a key role in popularizing aquariculture.
The market for ornamental fishes is growing due to the increasing number of home aquariums, resorts, hotels, and export demand. Newly hatched larvae of egg-layer species should be fed live micro-food for good survival. Over the years, ornamental fish species like the Mandarin fish, known for its vibrant blue and orange hues, have become popular.
With the right knowledge and resources, anyone can join this booming industry. By understanding the specific needs of each species and creating an optimal environment, you can successfully breed ornamental fish and reap the rewards.
Ornamental fishes can also be used to decorate home-and-garden settings, transforming them into unique and tranquil spaces. For instance, adding a koi pond to a garden can create a captivating display of color and movement.
Moreover, improving one's lifestyle through fashion-and-beauty choices often involves personal expression, just as designing and maintaining a thriving fish farm or aquarium expresses one's individual interest in aquaculture. This fusion of fashion-and-beauty and home-and-garden elements adds an enchanting touch to one's living space.
